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Young, Enthusiastic, and Achieved

He was banned from studying the International Program at UII Communications. The reason is none other than the distance of the campus, which is far from home. With determination and intention, he never stopped convincing his family to allow him to study at the International Communication Studies program at UII Yogyakarta. Finally, his hard work paid off with his family’s permission to study at UII through the Report-Based Selection (SIBER) route.

He is Arul Setiawan. People used to call him Arul. In the city where he lives, this young man has achieved various proud achievements. For example, he became Deputy Cultural Ambassador of Bujang Song Benuo Taka 2021 and Tourism Ambassador of Benuo Taka 2018. At a young age, he is already flapping his wings here and there.

This 20-year-old youth is one of 25 new students of the 2021 international class Communication Studies program. By studying in Jogja, he wants to try new and more challenging experiences, he said. He had the opinion that he should try something he had never had in his life.

“The International Program is not something to be afraid of because of the English class. However, because we have the intention, determination, and want to try to be better, we are sure we can deal with it,” said the man from North Penajam Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, when contacted via Instagram message @arl_sulaiman12, Friday (03/10/2021).

Arul says excitedly that in the future, he wants to have a dream job. He wants to be a successful diplomat and businessman. With hope, he prays that UII will assist him in accommodating and becoming a stepping stone so that he avoids becoming a successful and accomplished person.

“I hope that I can understand every material presented by the lecturer. I also want to be one of the students who is always obedient in everything,” he said.

As a young person, Arul feels there are still many shortcomings. He believes that he still has to learn to be helpful and inspire many people. In the future, Arul wants to become a young Islamic generation who has character, dares to appear, and becomes an intelligent generation of the nation.

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Author/ Reporter: Erinna Zandra (Student at Department of Communications, Class of 2017, Internship Student at the International Program at Department of Communications, UII)

Editor: AP Wicaksono

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Towards the ‘Special Issue’ Edition at AJMC Communication UII

Special issue-based publishing is an opportunity for international journals. It is also possible for an international journal belonging to UII Communications called the Asian Journal of Media and Communication or commonly abbreviated as AJMC. Special issues or special editions are journal publications that focus on a particular object of study. This specific study is essential to color the enrichment of communication thinking and media studies at the Southeast Asian level.

This special edition is a publication fronted by an editor (or a team of editors – 2 or 3 people), according to the field of study of each editor at AJMC. “Each editor can propose a special edition. With a general calculation, there are 11 editors, then AJMC can publish 11 special editions for the next six years,” said Muzayin Nazaruddin at the AJMC Editorial Meeting on September 14, 2021 via Zoom. AJMC now has internationally qualified editors and has published publications on the Scopus index. These editors come from various campuses both in Indonesia and abroad.

“The publication of this special edition is essential for setting the agenda to bring out new themes and color the study of communication and media in Indonesia, Southeast Asia, and even Asia,” said Muzayin in front of the editors. According to Muzayin, in this context, AJMC is a “long-term project,” there is greater interest, academic idealism is more important than just publication.

The process of issuing special issues also cannot be managed in a mediocre way. The processes and stages that can be carried out, for example, start from calls for abstracts (papers), invited papers, including the most important thing is making a series of workshops and talks. “These steps show that the special issue was designed from the start by AJMC. UII Communication Study Program is committed to supporting funding and other resources for the necessary processes,” said Muzayin.

Holy Rafika and Zaki Habibi, the editors at AJMC, also argue that special issues in AJMC can also not be designed but obtained through a network of editors; for example, special issues can be obtained from conference panels. With this model, it is possible to issue a particular issue with an outside ‘guest editor’.

Luthfi Adam, the journal editor from Northwestern University, argues that AJMC could regularly hold public lectures or seminar series on relevant topics. The content of the public lecture can be published. Muzayin added, or vice versa, a good article that has already been published in AJMC, the author is invited to speak at the seminar.

Zaki Habibi, Ignatius Haryanto, Lintang Ratri, and also M Heychael, the editor of AJMC, also suggested that this international journal should also publish various types of manuscripts. Research articles and conversations, for example, can be taken from a series of workshops that have been held, retrospective articles, theoretical articles, book reviews, film reviews, visual articles (photo-based), and others.

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Menuju Edisi Special Issue di AJMC Komunikasi UII

Penerbitan berbasis special issue menjadi sebuah peluang bagi jurnal internasional. Tidak menutup kemungkinan juga bagi jurnal internasional milik Komunikasi  UII bernama Asian Journal of Media and Communication atau biasa disingkat AJMC. Special issue atau edisi khusus adalah terbitan jurnal yang fokus pada satu objek kajian khusus. Kajian khusus yang spesifik ini menjadi penting mewarnai pengayaan pemikiran komunikasi dan kajian media di level asia tenggara.

Edisi khusus ini adalah terbitan yang digawangi oleh seorang editor (atau tim editor – 2 atau 3 orang), sesuai dengan bidang kajian masing-masing editor di AJMC. “Setiap editor bisa mengusulkan special edition. Dengan perhitungan umum terdapat 11 editor, maka AJMC bisa menerbitkan 11 special edition untuk enam tahun ke depan,” papar Muzayin Nazaruddin, dalam Rapat Redaksi AJMC pada 14 September 2021 via Zoom. Kini AJMC telah memiliki editor yang berkualifikasi internasional dan telah menerbitkan publikasi di Scopus index. Para penyunting ini berasal dari beragam kampus baik di Indonesia maupun mancanegara.

“Penerbitan special edition ini sangat penting untuk “setting the agenda” untuk membawa tema-tema baru dan mewarnai kajian komunikasi dan media di Indonesia, Asia Tenggara, bahkan Asia,” ungkap Muzayin di depan para penyunting. Menurut Muzayin, dalam konteks ini, AJMC adalah “long term project”, terdapat kepentingan lebih besar, idealisme akademik yang lebih penting, daripada sekadar terbit.

Proses penerbitan special issue juga tak bisa dikeloal dengan biasa-biasa saja. Proses dan tahapan yang yang bisa dilakukan misalnya adalah misalnya mulai dari call for abstracts (papers), invited papers, termasuk yang paling penting adalah membuat seri workshop and talk. “Langkah-langkah ini menunjukkan special issue memang dirancang sejak awal oleh AJMC. Prodi Komunikasi UII berkomitmen untuk mendukung pendanaan dan sumber daya lain untuk proses-proses yang diperlukan,” papar Muzayin.

Holy Rafika dan Zaki Habibi, para penyunting di AJMC, juga berpendapat special issue dalam AJMC bisa juga tidak dirancang, namun diperoleh dengan jaringan para editor, misalnya special issue diperoleh dari panel-panel konferensi. Dengan model ini, sangat mungkin terbit special issue dengan ‘guest editor’ dari luar.

Luthfi Adam, penyunting dari Nortwestern University, berpendapat bahwa AJMC bisa secara rutin mengadakan kuliah umum atau seri seminar dengan topik yang relevan. Konten kuliah umum tersebut bisa diterbitkan. Muzayin menambahkan, atau sebaliknya, tulisan yang bagus yang sudah terbit di AJMC, penulisnya diundang untuk berbicara di seminar.

Zaki Habibi, Ignatius Haryanto, Lintang Ratri, dan juga M Heychael, pada editor AJMC ini juga menyarankan jurnal internasional ini selayaknya juga menerbitkan beragam jenis naskah. Tidak hanya artikel penelitian, tapi juga conversation, misalnya bisa diambil dari seri workshop yang sudah diadakan, retrospective article, theoretical article, book review, film review, visual article (photo-based), dan lainnya.

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Visioning and Positioning AJMC Towards a Journal for Communication and Media Studies Reference in Asia

The Asian Journal of Media and Communication (AJMC) was born with the spirit of filling the void of communication studies in Indonesia, which is still dominated by certain paradigms and fields of analysis. The domination in question, for example, is the dominance of public relations studies or the dominance of positivism. Suppose we refer to the International Communication Association (ICA) field of study. In that case, it will immediately be seen that many areas of study are not sufficiently developed in Indonesia.

AJMC was born with a vision to become a reference journal for communication and media studies in Asia. “Asia” in the AJMC can refer to several things (open for discussion): Asia as a perspective or Asia as a study area. As a study area, Asia can be discussed by anyone, or by Asians themselves, or Indonesian academics talking about Asia.

This refresh of AJMC’s vision and positioning was one of the conclusions at the Editorial Meeting of the AJMC editors on September 13, 2021, via the Zoom Meeting Conference Application. On occasion were editors from various campuses and institutions both from Indonesia and outside Indonesia. For example, there are editors from Northwestern University (USA), Lund University (Sweden), Tartu University (Estonia), Multimedia Nusantara University, UII, Diponegoro University, Atma Jaya University Yogyakarta, Univ. Syiah Kuala, and The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Switzerland. And the institute for communication and media studies: Remotivi.

Here it is are the arrangement of Editors of AJMC (Period 2021-2023) based on Dean’s Decree FPSB UII Number: 12/SK-DEK/DURT/IV/2021.

  • Alfi Rahman, M.Si., Ph.D., Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of Universitas Syiah Kuala and a researcher at the Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Lintang Ratri Rahmiaji, Dr., M.Si., S.Sos. (Scopus ID: 57205339118) Department of Communication Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
  • Mario Antonius Birowo, Ph.D., Department of Communication, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Heychael, M.Si., Researcher of Remotivi, Center of Communication and Media Studies, Indonesia
  • Roy Thaniago, M.Sc., The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland, Switzerland
  • Zaki Habibi, Dr., Researcher at Lund University | Universitas Islam Indonesia

AJMC was born with an “international” orientation aimed at a global audience in English. Therefore, the governance and direction of the journal must be consistent with “international indexing and citation.” With these minimal standards, things outside of it can be tolerated (corrected in the editorial process at AJMC). For example, articles with fewer or more words or inadequate English. By meeting these minimum standards, it is hoped that shortly (the next few years), AJMC can become a “benchmark” for media and communication studies journals in Indonesia or even Southeast Asia. In addition to meeting these minimum standards, AJMC must be published regularly or on time to become a benchmark.

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Written by Muzayin Nazaruddin, Editor In Chief AJMC UII 2021-2023.

Edited by A. Pambudi W

 

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Qualitative Research Models

Journal content and manuscripts entering the editorial desk are not only quantitative methods. Many manuscript writers also send their manuscripts to journal editors using qualitative methods. However, it is not uncommon for the technique to be unclear.

Therefore Prof. Irwan Abdullah explained in detail how to research to use the types of qualitative research easily. “Why do I present this? Because in qualitative research manuscripts, it is often unclear. Is this CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis), phenomenology, etc. We often don’t pay attention to this,” said Prof. Irwan Abdullah, Professor of anthropology at UGM, at the Qualitative Research Training on September 13, 2021.

This event was held by the Journal and Publication Management Unit of Scientific Work, Faculty of Psychology and Socio-Cultural Sciences (FPSB), UII. “We hope that journal managers in FPSB UII can get a method refresh and improve the quality of their journals,” said Puji Rianto, Head of Journal Management and Scientific Work Publication of FPSB UII.

Irwan said there are at least six types of qualitative research. By understanding these types, Irwan hopes that it will make it easier for journal managers to recognize and improve the quality of journal manuscripts. Irwan, a reviewer of national and international journals, said that in addition to understanding the six types of qualitative research, journal managers must also understand the four rationales of qualitative methods.

Six Types of Qualitative Research

The six types of research are grounded research, for example. “This grounded research is interesting because it stimulates the emergence of survey ideas and hypotheses,” explained Irwan. Irwan dismissed some people’s assumption that grounded research was wrong. Grounded research, according to him, is not research without theory. “But research that aims to build theory,” said Irwan. In addition to grounded research, we can also understand other qualitative models such as narrative analysis.

Irwan explained that “Narrative analysis is making sense of reality. How he makes, the reality is making sense.” For example, said Irwan, we researched news about the success of a great religious figure. We interview him using narrative analysis.

“How do we see our character narrate success and explain that success,” he explained. “So in this narrative analysis, we are trying to make sense of the realities of language, what expression to use, what language method is used by the character. So he makes senses of reality,” he added later.

If the narrative analysis reveals language narratives, the following type, namely content analysis, tries to find patterns. “Content analysis tries to find the frequency and trend of patterns. Usually, in this communication. It produces tables,” said Irwan, who since 2018 has been writing for Scopus journals.

Meanwhile, Irwan explained that discourse analysis is different from content analysis. The researcher uses discourse analysis to see “how in the history or culture of a person it builds discourse/ discourse. We see how his history, culture, influence him.”

There is also a type of phenomenology. The science of phenomenology records experiences. For example, Irwan gave the experience of recovering from Covid-19. “He will tell his experience until he recovered from Covid and how he gave meaning,” said Irwan. “So every stage of the experience is given meaning.”

Irwan said that the term case study often represents qualitative research towards closing the material. Some researchers also notice this less. There are three types of case studies. First, Intrinsic case studies. This is a micro case study examining one event in depth. “Even a character being researched and made into a biography is intrinsic,” said Irwan.

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Visioning dan Positioning AJMC Menuju Jurnal Rujukan Kajian Komunikasi dan Media Asia

Asian Journal of Media and Communication (AJMC) lahir dengan semangat mengisi kekosongan kajian komunikasi di Indonesia yang selama ini masih didominasi paradigma dan bidang kajian tertentu. Dominasi yang dimaksud, misalnya dominasi kajian public relations atau dominasi positivisme. Jika mengacu pada pembidangan dalam International Communication Association (ICA), maka akan langsung terlihat bahwa banyak sekali bidang kajian yang tidak cukup berkembang di Indonesia.

AJMC lahir dengan visi menjadi jurnal rujukan bagi kajian komunikasi dan media di Asia. “Asia” dalam AJMC bisa mengacu pada beberapa hal (terbuka untuk terus dibincangkan): Asia sebagai perspektif atau Asia sebagai wilayah kajian. Sebagai wilayah kajian, Asia bisa diperbincangkan oleh siapa saja, atau oleh orang Asia sendiri, atau akademisi Indonesia berbicara tentang Asia.

Penyegaran Visi dan positioning AJMC ini menjadi salah satu kesimpulan dalam Rapat Redaksi para editor AJMC pada 13 September 2021 via Zoom Meeting Conference Application. Hadir pada kesempatan itu para editor dari beragam kampus dan institusi baik dari Indonesia maupun Luar Indonesia.

Ada editor yang berasal dari Northwestern University (USA), Lund University (Swedia), Tartu University (Estonia), Universitas Multimedia Nusantara, UII, Universitas Diponegoro, Univ Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Univ. Syiah Kuala, dan The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Swiss. dan lembaga studi komunikasi dan media: Remotivi.

Berikut ini adalah sususan redaksi AJMC Periode 2021-2023 berdasarkan Surat Keputusan (SK) Dekan FPSB UII Nomor : 12/SK-DEK/DURT/IV/2021.

  • Alfi Rahman, M.Si., Ph.D., Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of Universitas Syiah Kuala and a researcher at the Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Lintang Ratri Rahmiaji, Dr., M.Si., S.Sos. (Scopus ID: 57205339118) Department of Communication Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
  • Mario Antonius Birowo, Ph.D., Department of Communication, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Heychael, M.Si., Researcher of Remotivi, Center of Communication and Media Studies, Indonesia
  • Roy Thaniago, M.Sc., The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland, Switzerland
  • Zaki Habibi, Dr., Researcher at Lund University | Universitas Islam Indonesia

AJMC lahir dengan orientasi “internasional”, berbahasa Inggris, ditujukan untuk pembaca global. Oleh karena itu, tata kelola dan orientasi jurnal harus konsisten, menuju “international indexing and citation”. Dengan standar minimal tersebut, hal-hal di luarnya bisa ditoleransi (diperbaiki dalam proses editorial di AJMC). Misalnya, artikel dengan jumlah kata yang kurang atau lebih atau artikel dengan Bahasa Inggris yang belum memadai. Dengan memenuhi standar minimal tersebut, diharapkan dalam waktu dekat (beberapa tahun ke depan), AJMC bisa menjadi “benchmark” jurnal kajian komunikasi dan media di Indonesia, atau bahkan Asia Tenggara. Selain memenuhi standar minimal tersebut, untuk menjadi benchmark, AJMC harus terbit secara teratur atau tepat waktu.

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Ditulis oleh Muzayin Nazaruddin, Editor In Chief AJMC UII 2021-2023.

Disunting oleh A. Pambudi W

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Model-model Penelitian Kualitatif

Konten dan naskah jurnal yang masuk ke meja redaksi tak hanya bermetode kuantitatif. Banyak pula penulis naskah yang mengirim naskahnya ke redaksi jurnal dengan metode kualitatif. Meski begitu tak jarang pula yang tak jelas metodenya.

Maka dari itu Prof. Irwan Abdullah menjelaskan secara rinci melakukan penelitian agar bisa dengan mudah menggunakan jenis-jenis penelitian kualitatif. “Kenapa ini saya hadirkan? Karena pada naskah penelitian kualitatif, dia seringkali tidak jelas. Ini dia CDA (Critical Discourse Analysis) kah, fenomenologikah, dll. Ini kita seringkali tidak memperhatikannya,” kata Prof. Irwan Abdullah, Profesor antropologi UGM, di Pelatihan Penelitian Kualitatif pada 13 September 2021.

Acara ini diadakan oleh Unit Pengelolaan Jurnal dan Publikasi Karya Ilmiah, Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya (FPSB), UII. “Kami berharap para pengelola jurnal di lingkungan FPSB UII dapat mendapat penyegaran metode dan meningkatkan kualitas jurnalnya,” kata Puji Rianto, Kepala Pengelolaan Jurnal dan Publikasi Karya Ilmiah FPSB UII.

Irwan mengatakan, setidaknya ada enam jenis penelitian kualitiatif. Dengan memahami jenis-jenis ini, Irwan berharap akan memudahkan pengelola jurnal mengenali dan memperbaiki kualitas naskah jurnal. Irwan, yang juga adalah reviewer jurnal nasional dan internasional, ini berkata bahwa selain memahami 6 jenis penelitian kualitatif, para pengelola jurnal juga harus memahami empat nalar metode kualitatif.

Enam Jenis Penelitian Kualitatif

Enam jenis penelitian itu misalnya grounded research. “Grounded research ini menarik karena dia merangsang munculnya ide-ide dan hipotesis-hipotesis survei,” jelas Irwan. Irwan menepis anggapan sebagian orang tentang grounded research yang keliru. Grounded research, menurutnya, bukan penelitian tanpa teori. “Tapi penelitian yang bertujuan membangun teori,” ungkap Irwan. Selain grounded research, kita juga bisa memahami model kualitatif yang lain seperti narrative analysis.

Irwan menjelaskan bahwa, “Narrative analysis itu dia making sense of reality. Bagaimana dia membuat realitas itu make sense.” Contoh, kata Irwan, kita meneliti berita tentang keberhasilan seorang tokoh agama yang hebat. Kita wawancara dia menggunakan analisis naratif.

“Bagaimana kita melihat tokoh kita ini menarasikan keberhasilan dna menjelaskan keberhasilan itu,” jelasnya. “Jadi di dalam narrative analysis ini kita berusaha making sense dari realitas-realitas bahasa, pake ungkapan apa, cara bahasa apa yg digunakan si tokoh. Jadi dia making senses of reality,” imbuhnya kemudian.

Jika narrative analysis mengungkap narasi bahasa, maka jenis selanjutnya yaitu Analisis konten justru berusaha mencari pola. “Content analysis berusaha mencari frekuensi dan kecenderungan pola. Biasanya di komunikasi ini. Ia melahirkan tabel-tabel,” papar Irwan, yang sejak 2018 menulis untuk jurnal-jurnal Scopus.

Sedangkan selanjutnya, Irwan menjelaskan bahwa analisis wacana berbeda dengan analisis isi. Peneliti menggunakan analisis wacana untuk melihat, “bagaimana dalam sejarah atau kultur seseorang itu membangun discourse/ wacana. Kita melihat bagaimana sejarah dia, budaya, mempengaruhi dia.”

Ada pula jenis fenomenologi. IPA fenomenologi itu merekam pengalaman. Misalnya, Irwan menyontohkan, misalnya pengalaman sembuh dari covid-19. “Dia akan menceritakan pengalamannya hingga sembuh dari Covid dan bagaimana dia memberi meaning/ makna,” kata Irwan. “Jadi di setiap tahap dari pengalamannya diberi meaning.”

Menjelang menutup materinya, Irwan mengatakan, penelitian kualitatif ini seringkali diwakili dengan istilah studi kasus. Ini kurang diperhatikan juga oleh beberapa peneliti. Ada tiga macam jenis studi kasus. Pertama, Intrinsik studi kasus. Ini adalah studi kasus mikro yanh satu peristiwa diteliti secara mendalam. “Bahkan seorang tokoh diteliti dan dijadikan biografi itu intrinsik,” ungkap Irwan.

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Problems and Challenges of Digital Journalism in Indonesia

There are two things that greatly affect the mass media business lately. First, is digital disruption which is getting more and more common. Then the second is the Covid-19 pandemic. Both are considered to have greatly changed the landscape of the media business pattern in Indonesia. Not only upstream, but also downstream.

While still in conventional media, journalists controlled upstream to downstream. “Meanwhile, the current media upstream to downstream has changed completely, and there are even distribution problems to the accessors,” said Suwarjono, Editor-in-Chief of Arkamedia Group which is flashy with the Suara.com portal, on Friday (10/9/2021) at the National Webinar with the theme of Digital Journalism Business Models in Indonesia.

This National Webinar is made by lecturers who are members of the study interest and Digital Journalism research cluster. Lecturers in this study are also currently conducting research collaborations on Journalism and Digital Media.

In the past, conventional media could regulate distribution and even develop, now distribution is controlled by giant developers of the digital world such as Google and social media.

Both are the top two distributors to the viewer. “After that, there are aggregators such as babe, kurio, to private conversation platforms WhatsApp and Line,” said Suwarjono, giving an example of distribution lines that are not even directly controlled by digital media.

Another problem in the digital media sector is advertising. Suwarjono said, one of the effects of digital disruption is that some advertisers often turn to social media platforms. “The problem in digital media is that you still have to pay taxes, pay this and that, but influencers don’t,” said Suwarjono, who was the chairman of AJI (Independence Journalist Alliance) in 2014.

On the other hand, according to Wahyu, digital disruption has made the mass media life and death on the edge. In order to be read, all media compete to provide the latest and fastest news. “As a result, there are many similar news stories,” said Wahyu Dhyatmika, CEO of Tempo, one of the speakers for this webinar. Not to mention, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated this disruption, he said.

“When news tends to be uniform, its relevance to public needs decreases,” he said again. In the long term, public trust will also decrease. In turn, content richness will also decrease as well.

“This makes the urgency even stronger, because the pandemic accelerates digital disruption,” Wahyu said.

During the disruption, what Elin Kristi calls an existential crisis in journalism also occurred. Elin Kristi, Vice Editor at Liputan6.com, said that the media business is still in the process of finding a digital journalism business model.

In this digital era, various challenges also emerge. “People now have the ability and freedom to voice themselves. Everyone can load media in this digital era,” added Elin, a seasoned journalist who started his career in the Jawa Pos media.

According to Elin, news media revenues have fallen drastically in the last few decades. “There is no clear business model to sustain news in the digital era. High quality content is the key, but good journalism does not come free,” She said in a presentation screen explaining the reality of digital media today.

In addition, there is also the threat of hoaxes emerging from social media. Especially hoaxes about covid-19. The increase in Covid-19 hoaxes in the pandemic era has substantially increased the demand for trusted media.

“From here we learned that by doing fact checks, the media cannot run alone. We have to work with the public,” said Elin, who is also an activist for digital literacy and checkfact.com.

The speakers in this webinar are all members of the IFCN international fact checking network. The media that are members of the IFCN are committed to fighting hoaxes. In order to gain public trust, only this commitment can make it easy for the public to determine which one is trustworthy in the midst of a flood of content in the current digital era.

 

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Reading Comments on Social Media as Entertainment

 From era to era, entertainment has changed along with changes in the media used. With the smartphone, a lot of choices of entertainment media are offered. But unexpectedly, reading comments from content posts is also one of them.

Research on the motivation of readers of comments as entertainment was investigated by Athifah Nur Husna, a student of Communication Studies at the Islamic University of Indonesia (UII). The results of his research were discussed in a monthly discussion conducted by the Center for Alternative Media Studies and Documentation (PSDMA) Nadim Ilmu Komunikas UII on Thursday, September 9, 2021. “Some of my friends often show me the comments they read. I think it means these comments are interesting. And it can be a separate research topic,” said Husna.

Today’s media is so diverse that it offers a variety of entertainment options. They start from videos, sound clips, short films, blogs, and a wide selection of content on social media. But who would have thought that comments were entertainment in itself? Columns containing comments also eventually become material that can be seen by the public and impact their readers. And no kidding, this comment can be very long. “I have a resource person who can spend hours just scrolling through the comments,” said Husna, who turns out to be usually called Una.

In this research, Husna wanted to know the sources’ motives and level of satisfaction in reading comments on specific content.

From the research results, all of the informants stated that they wanted tattoos about the content. “Usually, there is additional information that people put out in the comments,” said Husna imitating one of the sources.

In addition to additional information and information, the informants also sought different views by looking at what comments were made by people in the column. Seeing these different perspectives helps them have an opinion on a particular topic.

And what is certain, reading the comments is a different entertainment for the readers. Reading funny comments, quirky comments, or even seeing blasphemies can be entertaining.

Not surprisingly, the speakers also received inspiration from slang trends, such as the latest and new languages, to be applied every day. “It’s fun if you can find a new language or term. You can practice it later when you are chatting with friends.”

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Problem dan Tantangan Jurnalisme Digital

Ada dua hal yang sangat mempengaruhi bisnis media massa belakangan ini. Pertama, adalah disrupsi digital yang kian lama kian menggurita. Lalu yang kedua adalah pandemi Covid-19. Keduanya dianggap sangat mengubah lanskap pola bisnis media di Indonesia. Tak hanya di hulu, melainkan juga di hilir.

Pada saat masih berada di media konvensional, para jurnalis menguasai hulu sampai hilir. “Sedangkan media kekinian hulu sampai hilir berubah total, bahkan ada masalah distribusi ke pengakses,” kata Suwarjono, Pemimpin Redaksi Arkamedia Grup yang mentereng dengan portal suara.com, itu pada Jumat (10/9/2021) di Webinar Nasional bertema Model Bisnis Jurnalisme Digital di Indonesia.

Webinar Nasional ini merupakan besutan para dosen yang tergabung dalam minat studi dan Klaster riset Jurnalisme Digital. Dosen-dosen di Minat studi ini juga tengah melakukan kolaborasi riset tentang Jurnalisme dan Media Digital.

Jika dahulu media konvensional bisa mengatur distribusi dan bahkan berkembang, kini distribusi dikuasai oleh pengembang raksasa dunia digital seperti google dan media sosial.

Keduanya adalah dua ditributor teratas ke pengakses. “Setelah itu ada agregator seperti babe, kurio, sampai platform percakapan pribadi WhatsApp dan Line,” kata imbuh Suwarjono memberi contoh lini distribusi yang bahkan tidak dikuasai langsung oleh media digital.

Problem lain di sektor media digital adalah soal iklan. Suwarjono bilang, salah satu efek disrupsi digital adalah beberapa pengiklan banyak lari ke Platform media sosial. “Problem di media digital adalah tetap harus bayar pajak, bayar ini itu tapi influencer kan tidak,” kata Suwarjono, yang dahulu adalah Ketua AJI pada 2014.

Di sisi lain, menurut Wahyu, disrupsi digital itu membuat hidup mati media massa di ujung tanduk. Agar dibaca, semua media berlomba memberikan berita teraktual dan tercepat. “Akibatnya yang terjadi adalah banyak berita yang serupa,” kata Wahyu Dhyatmika, CEO Tempo, salah satu pembicara webinar ini. Belum lagi, pandemi covid-19 mengakselerasi disrupsi ini, katanya.

“Ketika berita cenderung seragam, relevansinya untuk kebutuhan publik menurun,” katanya lagi. Secara jangka panjang trust (kepercayaan) publik juga akan menurun. Pada gilirannya, kekayaan konten juga akan menurun pula.

“Ini yang membuat urgensinya menjadi semakin kuat, karena pandemi mengakselerasi disrupsi digital,” kata Wahyu.

Ketika disrupsi itu, terjadi pula apa yamg disebut Elin Kristi sebagai krisis eksistensi pada jurnalisme. Elin Kristi, Wapemred Liputan6.com, mengatakan bisnis media saat ini pun masih dalam proses menemukan bisnis model jurnalisme digital.

Pada era digital ini, beragam tantangan juga bermunculan. “Masyarakat sekarang punya kemampuan dan keleluasaam untuk menyuarakan dirinya sendiri. Setiap orang bsia memnuat media di era digital ini,” imbuh Elin, wartawan kawakan yang memulai karirnya di media Jawa Pos.

Menurut Elin, pendapatan media berita turun drastis dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. “There is no clear busines model to sustain news in digital era. High quality content is the key, but good journalism does not come free,” katanya dalam layar presentasi menjelaskan realitas media digital kini.

Selain itu, ada pula ancaman munculnya hoax dari media sosial. Terutama hoax soal covid-19. Meningkatnya hoax Covid19 di era pandemi secara substantif meningkatkan pula permintaan media yang terpercaya.

“Dari sini kami belajar bahwa melakukan cek fakta, media tak bisa berjalan sendirian. Kita harus bersama publik,” kata Elin, yang juga adalak aktivis digital literacy dan cekfakta.com, ini.

Para narasumber dalam webinar ini semuanya tergabung dalam IFCN international fact checking network. Media-media yang tergabung dalam IFCN berkomitmen dalam melawan hoax. Demi meraih kepercayaan publik, hanya komitmen tersebutlah yang dapat membuat publik mudah menentukan mana yang terpercaya di tengah banjir konten pada era digital kini.