Tag Archive for: Sejarah musik

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Idhar Resmadi on AES Forum: The History of Music in Indonesia

Reading Time: 2 minutes

Music always accompanies our daily activities. Music has also existed since time immemorial. For the sake of study studies in Indonesia, this article will be shortened from the colonial and pre-independence era.

In a history talk held by the Amir Effendi Siregar (AES) Forum, Idham Resmadi, a Creative Industry Lecturer from Telkom University, shared the history of music studies into 4 phases of periodization. “Starting from the colonial and pre-independence era, paca independence, the music industry era and post-reformation,” said Idhar on September 19, 2020.

At the event held by PSDMA Nadim Communications UII, Idhar said that the first phase, namely in the colonial period appeared on a radio station namely Radio NIROM, where the Dutch always enjoyed music every day. Then came soeara NIROM (NIROM voice) in the form of a leaflet. The contents are the program schedule on the radio.

Over time there was struggle and cultural influences began to develop. “For example, between fans of traditional keroncong and keroncong which is somewhat westernized. The term will develop, the arena of cultural contestation, there is the term keroncong gado-gado (Mixed Keroncong) because there is an assumption that western influence has cultural influences and negative values,” explained Idhar.

The second phase is post-independence. In this era, music has not entered the era of commercialization, and there is still a struggle for influence between East and West. The aura of fighting for discourse on cultural values ​​is still strong, said Idhar. But in print media like Diskorina, debate and criticism are no longer as harsh as before. And they tend to contain light information like astrology, humorous stories, crossword puzzles, etc. “Back then, Western culture was easier for teenagers to accept.”

In the 65th century, music became a political propaganda tool for the New Order. In the past, ABRI (Kostrad) used music, even through musical performances. “Even the cultural strategy is for soldiers to have their own band,” he added.

After that, there was a struggle for the discourse “Kampungan vs Gaul” between fans of the music “Dangdut vs Rock” which was quite busy. This kind of opinion was brought by Aktuil magazine. Also in the magazine, fashion trends are also easily accepted and adapted by the Indonesian people.

In the 1970s-1980s music developed. And this year, music entered the world of industry. There are also many tabloids and music magazines that support the music industry from an economic perspective. The magazine is not far from entertainment, lifestyle, or gossip. “There is a symbiosis of mutualism between music and media. The media supports the promotion of music, and music becomes a commodity.”

 

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Forum AES: Sejarah Musik di Indonesia

Reading Time: 2 minutes

Musik selalu menemani aktifitas sehari-hari kita. Musik juga hadir sejak jaman dahulu. Demi kepentingan kajian studi di Indonesia, maka tulisan ini akan diperpendek mulai jaman kolonial dan pra kemerdekaan.

Dalam bincang sejarah yang diadakan Forum Amir Effendi Siregar (AES), Idham Resmadi, Dosen Industri Kreatif dari Telkom University, membagi sejarah kajian musik dalam 4 fase periodesasi. “Dimulai dari jaman kolonial dan pra kemerdekaan, paca kemerdekaan, masa industri musik dan pasca reformasi,” kata Idhar pada 19 September 2020.

Pada acara yang diadakan oleh PSDMA Nadim Komunikasi UII, ini Idhar mengatakan bahwa fase pertama yaitu di masa kolonial muncul Radio NIROM, dimana penjajah Belanda sehari hari selalu menikmati musik. Lalu muncul juga soeara NIROM yang berbentuk leaflet. Isinya adalah susunan acara di radio tersebut.

Lama-lama terjadi perebutan dan pengaruh budaya mulai berkembang. “Misalnya antara penggemar keroncong tradisional dengan keroncong yang agak kebarat-baratan. Bakal berkembang istilah, arena kontestasi budaya, ada istilah keroncong gado-gado karena ada anggapan pengaruh barat itu ada pengaruh kebudayaan dan nilai-nilai negatif,” jelas Idhar.

Fase kedua adalah pascakemerdekaan. Di jaman ini musik belum memasuki era komersialisasi, dan masih terjadi perebutan pengaruh antara Timur dan Barat. Aura perebutan wacana nilai budayanya masih kuat, kata Idhar. Tapi di media cetak seperti Diskorina, perdebatan dan kritik tak lagi keras seperti sebelumnya. Dan cenderung berisi informasi ringan seperti astrologi, cerita humor, teka teki silang, dll. “Saat itu, budaya Barat lebih mudah diterima oleh remaja.”

Di tahun sekitar 65an, musik menjadi alat propaganda politik orde Baru. Dulu musik dipakai oleh ABRI (kostrad), bahkan juga melalui pertunjukan musik. “Bahkan strategi budayanya itu tentara sampai punya grup band sendiri,” imbuhnya.

Setelah itu ada perebutan wacana “Kampungan vs Gaul” antara penggemar musik “Dangdut vs Rock” yang cukup ramai. Opini seperti ini dibawa oleh majalah Aktuil. Di majalah itu juga, trend busana juga mudah ditetima dan diadaptasi oleh masyarakat Indonesia.

Di tahun 1970an-1980an musik berkembang. Dan di tahun tahun ini musik memasuki dunia industri. Banyak juga berkembang tabloid dan majalah musik yang isinya menunjang industri musik dari aspek ekonomi. Majalah itu isinya tak jauh dari hiburan, gaya hidup, atau Gosip. “Terjadilah simbiosis mutualisme antara musik dan media. Media menjadi penunjang promosi musik, dan musik menjadi komoditas.”